Recent progresses in rapid detection of novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2

The global pandemic coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19), the disease infected by the new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), is extremely contagious. It is mainly spread among people through respiratory droplets, aerosols, direct or indirect contact, fecal-oral transmission, and cold chain transportation. Especially, patients who are in the incubation period or have no obvious symptoms already have the ability to infect others. SARS-C0V-2 is a positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus, with a single linear RNA segment. Each SARS-CoV-2 virion is 60-140 mm in diameter. Like other coronaviruses, SARS-CoV-2 has four structural proteins, known as the spike (S), envelope(E), membrane (M), and nucleocapsid (N) proteins. To date, a variety of detection methods for the SARS-CoV-2 have been developed based on the virus structural basis and 'etiological characteristics, which would provide an effective guarantee for the diagnosis of COVID-19 patients and the control of the epidemic. In order to help for the early diagnosis and prevention of COVID-19, the pathogenic characteristics and recent progresses of detection base on nucleic acid, immunology and biosensors of the SARS-CoV-2 are reviewed in this paper.

Recent progresses in rapid detection of novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2

The global pandemic coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19), the disease infected by the new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), is extremely contagious. It is mainly spread among people through respiratory droplets, aerosols, direct or indirect contact, fecal-oral transmission, and cold chain transportation. Especially, patients who are in the incubation period or have no obvious symptoms already have the ability to infect others. SARS-C0V-2 is a positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus, with a single linear RNA segment. Each SARS-CoV-2 virion is 60-140 mm in diameter. Like other coronaviruses, SARS-CoV-2 has four structural proteins, known as the spike (S), envelope(E), membrane (M), and nucleocapsid (N) proteins. To date, a variety of detection methods for the SARS-CoV-2 have been developed based on the virus structural basis and 'etiological characteristics, which would provide an effective guarantee for the diagnosis of COVID-19 patients and the control of the epidemic. In order to help for the early diagnosis and prevention of COVID-19, the pathogenic characteristics and recent progresses of detection base on nucleic acid, immunology and biosensors of the SARS-CoV-2 are reviewed in this paper.

Analysis on the physiological changes of residents before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study.

People's lifestyles have changed dramatically during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, yet data on physical examinations in the Chinese population before and during the pandemic are rarely reported. The study was based on the data from the physical examination center of Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine. We collected the data of physical examinations information between January 2017 and March 2022. The data of participants before December 31, 2019 were classified as "before COVID-19 pandemic group," while data after December 31, 2019 were classified as "during COVID-19 pandemic group." We used t-test and χ2  test to compare the differences before and during COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 72 257 individuals participated in the physical examinations, and finally retained 65 629 individuals for analysis. During the COVID-19 pandemic, body mass index (BMI), high-density lipoprotein, total cholesterol levels, as well as pulmonary nodule and thyroid nodule proportion of participants were higher than those before the pandemic, and the levels of systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure of participants were lower than those before the pandemic. Ongoing assessment and surveillance are necessary to assess whether lifestyle changes caused by the COVID-19 pandemic are likely to increase chronic disease risk in the future.

Profiling aromatic constituents of Chimonanthus nitens Oliv. leaf granule using mass spectrometry.

RATIONALE: The chemical constituents of Chinese patent medicine are usually different from those of crude medicine because of specific preparation processes. Chimonanthus nitens Oliv. leaf granule is widely used for prevention against COVID-19 in China. However, no research has been reported on the chemical constituents of the granule and their variation during the preparation process. METHODS: Fragmentation patterns of reference compounds were investigated using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, and the new gas-phase reaction was demonstrated by electronic and steric effects and calculated chemistry. Then, a strategy based on new fragmentation patterns was used to profile aromatic constituents. In addition, based on untargeted metabolomics analytical workflow, a comparison was made on the chemical constituents of the leaf and granule. RESULTS: New fragmentation patterns related to two competing reactions, ring-opening and ring-closing reactions for coumarin, have been proposed and investigated in depth. The newly established diagnostic ion at m/z 81.0331 worked strongly in the assignment of OH-7 and substituent at C-8 of coumarin. McLafferty rearrangement occurring in coumarin glycoside while sugar group locating at C-4 was first observed, and new diagnostic ions at m/z 147.0440, 119.0488, and 91.0543 were constructed. CONCLUSIONS: Aromatic constituents of the granule were first profiled. A total of 114 aromatic compounds were identified; of these 85 compounds were identified first. Kaempferol-7-O-neohesperidoside and its homologues were mostly enriched in the granule. Considering their reported bioactivities, these analogues possibly contribute greatly to clinical efficacy. Our results provided a new fragmentation theory for coumarins and a new material basis for the quality control of the granule.

Recent progresses in rapid detection of novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2

The global pandemic coronavirus pneumonia（COVID-19）,the disease infected by the new coronavirus（SARS-CoV-2）,is extremely contagious.It is mainly spread among people through respiratory droplets, aerosols, direct or indirect contact, fecal-oral transmission, and cold chain transportation.Especially, patients who are in the incubation period or have no obvious symptoms already have the ability to infect others.SARS-CoV-2 is a positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus, with a single linear RNA segment.Each SARS-CoV-2 virion is 60-140 nm in diameter.Like other coronaviruses, SARS-CoV-2 has four structural proteins, known as the spike（S）, envelope（E）,membrane（M）,and nucleocapsid（N） proteins.To date, a variety of detection methods for the SARS-CoV-2 have been developed based on the virus structural basis and etiological characteristics, which would provide an effective guarantee for the diagnosis of COVID-19 patients and the control of the epidemic.In order to help for the early diagnosis and prevention of COVID-19,the pathogenic characteristics and recent progresses of detection base on nucleic acid, immunology and biosensors of the SARS-CoV-2 are reviewed in this paper.